Symbolism of a broken system?

The Overcoat (1959, Shinel, ШИНЕЛЬ, Russian)

A Soviet film adaptation of N. Gogol's 'Overcoat.'

Watching Mira Nair directed film 'Namesake' eventually brought me to this Russian movie. One of the iconic lines mentioned in 'Namesake' is 'we are all from Gogol's Overcoat'. The quote is attributed to Dostoevsky, who meant the whole Russian literary world owe their ideas and styles to Gogol, the pre-eminent satirist and literary realism. 

Gogol's Overcoat had made it to the silver screen many times over. From the silent film production in 1916 to the 2018 animated version, some of it carries different storylines.

This 1959 Soviet production stays true to the original short story. I also managed to catch up with a made-for-TV adaptation for 'Douglas Fairbanks Jr. Presents' starring Buster Keaton named 'Awakening'. Both of these movies are available on YouTube.

Akaki Akakievich, the protagonist in Gogol's story, is a sad character who leads a boring life. He works in a governmental agency doing seemingly mundane job of keeping records, writing and copying documents. In his mind, he is doing something quite profound. He knows all the figures and numbers like the back of his hand. His eccentricity is actually the butt of joke among his co-worker. Akaki earns pittance, and it shows. He lives in a rented room in the poor side of town. His overcoat is so worn out and cannot be patched anymore, according to his tailor.

Buster Keaton, in an atypical dramatic roles

He stinges through to be able to sew a new coat and receives attention from his co-workers when he shows up with his new overcoat. The usual socially awkward Akiki is feted with an office party in his honour. Akiki is extremely happy with his decision, but still, his new purchase cannot change his awkwardness. He personifies his coat and cares for it dearly, sometimes over the top. He even removes the coat when it snows, not wanting to get it wet.

Going home, his flashy coat draws unwanted attention. He is mugged. Muggers scoot off with his pricey possession. Next comes the lengthy bureaucracy of reporting his theft. He is given the runaround. His loss and exposure of cold proved too much for Akiki. Akiki succumbs to pneumonia and haunts the neighbourhood. A meaningless death to a person leading a meaningless life.

The Buster Keaton version (The Awakening) has a slightly different ending. Akiki does not die, but instead, is determined to relive his dream where he raises up to assassinate the chief of the tyrannic system.

The story is a symbolism of a broken system. Even though people's patience has been stretched thin with ridiculous policies and unwise decisions, the people go on thinking that they are doing alright. Not realising that the joke is on them, they blindly give themselves a pat on their back for a job well done. Unbeknownst to everyone changes can be detrimental, but then, the Truth or generation after them will rise to the occasion. This is shown as Akiki coming back as a ghost to haunt the living daylight of the people of St Petersburg.

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We all came out of Gogol’s overcoat!

Namesake (2006)

We all wear coats to hide what we wear inside. Sometimes we are ashamed of what we have underneath and need to cover it all. At other times, it is chilly outside. Occasionally, what we have beneath it is inappropriate. Shame, political incorrectness or social awkwardness are all put aside; the real person under it all is the real us.

The act of being someone else that we are not may come back to bite us. Additionally, wearing blinkers and staying adamant about what we have without being receptive to positive external input is self-defeating.

Life is a learning experience. We are all eternal students picking up wisdom as we go. Our final destination is one that amalgamates all the wealth, baggage and tradition that we carry inside. In short, we are what we are but should not forget where we came from, but at the same time, learn to adapt and adopt our new environment.

We have often heard of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, the famous Russian writer and his work surrounding human psychology and religion, mentioned in many classic movies. In this movie, the character is heard stating one of Dostoyevsky's famous sayings, 'We all came out of Gogol's overcoat'. Even though he meant that Nikholai Gogol had influenced later Russian writers, this phrase can be interpreted at different levels.

In Gogol's short story 'Overcoat', the protagonist, Akaky, a poor worker who is often teased by his co-workers for wearing a patched-up old coat. Embarrassed by this, Akaky saves up to buy a new overcoat. His co-workers rejoice by celebrating his purchase. Unfortunately, Akaky's joy is shortlived. He is mugged off his coat on his way back home in a poor neighbourhood.

That is the dilemma that most of us face in our daily lives. We are damned if we do and damned if we do not like Akaky, who is heckled for an old coat but robbed of an expensive one. In the same way, we do the best for our offspring giving the best that we can offer but expect to be as street-smart as the person who had survived the hard knocks of life. We pad their every fall but still expect them to be robust. We think the third world is not good enough for them to prosper but still expect them to have our ancestral values when they grow up immersed in their newfound motherland's cultures. The best they can do is to embrace the best of both worlds; the ancestral and sojourning homes.

Through the saga of an Indian professor who made the USA his home and his Indian wife plus their American-born children and Gogol's book, the screenwriters try to narrate the dilemma of NRIs. They are not quite American because of their names but yet feel alienated in India. They also cannot fit into what is perceived as Indian culture as is expected of them in the Indian community of the USA.

Sociologists have researched these children, whom they refer to as 'third-culture kids'. They discovered that after getting caught in cultures, though challenging, they become independent and confident and often benefit from their multicultural background.

An exciting presentation starring Irrfan Khan, Tabu and Kal Penn that makes you think. It will want you to find out more about Gogol and Russian literature.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.